Getting Started

CIDR notation in plain language

CIDR (Classless Inter-Domain Routing) is the standard way to describe a block of IP addresses. It looks like this: 192.168.0.0/24. The part before the slash is the starting address. The number after the slash tells you how many bits are locked as the "network" portion.

The remaining bits are yours to assign to devices. A /24 locks the first 24 of 32 bits, leaving 8 bits free — that gives you 28 = 256 addresses. A /16 locks 16 bits and leaves 16, giving you 65,536 addresses.

The key idea: prefix length controls block size

Every time you add one bit to the prefix, you cut the block in half. A /24 has 256 addresses. A /25 has 128. A /26 has 64. This halving is exactly what the Split button does in slashwhat — it takes one block and divides it into two equal halves by increasing the prefix length by one.

Common prefix lengths

PrefixAddressesNetmaskCommon Use
/816,777,216255.0.0.0Large enterprise or ISP allocation
/1665,536255.255.0.0Campus or regional network
/204,096255.255.240.0Cloud VPC default (AWS, GCP)
/24256255.255.255.0Standard LAN subnet
/2816255.255.255.240Small server segment
/304255.255.255.252Point-to-point link
/321255.255.255.255Single host route

IPv6 works the same way

IPv6 addresses are 128 bits instead of 32, but the CIDR notation is identical. 2001:db8::/48 means the first 48 bits are the network, leaving 80 bits for hosts. slashwhat handles both IPv4 and IPv6 — just type either format into the input.

Walk through your first split

This guide uses 192.168.0.0/24 as an example — a standard 256-address subnet that most network engineers work with daily.

Step 1: Enter a CIDR block

Type 192.168.0.0/24 into the input field at the top of the page and press Enter. The app creates a table with a single row showing the full /24 block: 256 total addresses, 254 usable (the network and broadcast addresses are reserved).

Step 2: Split

Click the green Split link on the right side of the row. The /24 divides into two /25 subnets:

  • 192.168.0.0/25 — 128 addresses (0 to 127)
  • 192.168.0.128/25 — 128 addresses (128 to 255)

Each half is exactly half of the original. The math is always precise because splitting just adds one bit to the prefix length.

Step 3: Split again

Click Split on the first /25. It becomes two /26 subnets with 64 addresses each. You can keep splitting as deep as the address space allows — all the way down to /32 (a single host).

Step 4: Join

See the red Join bar on the left side of two sibling subnets? Click it to merge them back into their parent. Joining is the reverse of splitting — two /26 siblings merge back into the /25 they came from. You can only join subnets that share the same parent.

The tree structure

Behind the table, the app maintains a binary tree. Your original /24 is the root. Each split creates two children. Each join removes two children and restores the parent. This tree structure guarantees that every split is mathematically valid — no overlapping subnets, no gaps, no wasted addresses.

What you can do

Name your subnets

Click the Name field on any row and type a label — "Servers", "Guest Wi-Fi", "Management". Names appear in the table and are included when you save or export. Child subnets can inherit names from their parent for hierarchical labeling.

Multiple trees

Add more CIDR blocks by typing them into the input. Each becomes its own section in the table. You can have 10.0.0.0/8 and 172.16.0.0/12 side by side, each with independent split/join trees.

Save, Load, and Export

Save downloads your entire configuration as a JSON file. Load restores it later. Export produces a CSV file you can open in a spreadsheet. Everything is stored locally — nothing is sent to a server.

Undo and Redo

Made a mistake? Press Ctrl+Z (or Cmd+Z on Mac) to undo. Ctrl+Shift+Z to redo. The app keeps 8 levels of undo history in memory.

Color themes

Below the table you will find color controls. Choose from 17 themes (Pastel, Neon, Forest, Ocean, and more) and 7 coloring modes (by depth, by block size, cycle, alternating, and others). Switch between dark and light mode with the toggle in the header.

Column visibility

Hover over the column header row to reveal controls for hiding, showing, and reordering columns. Drag columns to rearrange them. Hidden columns can be restored from the "Hidden Columns" box that appears in the header area.

VLAN column

The VLAN column supports a macro language for automatic VLAN assignment. Write expressions like 100 + $3 (where $3 is the third octet) and the tool evaluates them for each row. Presets are available for common VLAN schemes.

Tips and reference

Common subnet sizes for different use cases

Use CaseSuggested PrefixAddresses
Home or small office/24256
Server VLAN (small)/2732
Point-to-point link/30 or /314 or 2
Management network/2816
Guest Wi-Fi/23512
Cloud VPC/16 to /204,096 to 65,536
Data center supernet/12 to /81M to 16M

IPv6 support

slashwhat works with IPv6 CIDR blocks. Type an IPv6 prefix like 2001:db8::/48 and split just like you would with IPv4. The table adapts to show full IPv6 addresses, prefix lengths, and the much larger address counts.

Keyboard shortcuts

ShortcutAction
Ctrl+Z / Cmd+ZUndo
Ctrl+Shift+Z / Cmd+Shift+ZRedo
EnterSubmit CIDR input

Learn more

Read the About page for the full story of how slashwhat was built — the architecture, the AI coding process, and war stories from development.